Browse Editions : 2005
Title Author Edition
Reducing FCCU NOX emissions

AA Lappas, DK Iatridis and IA Vasalos University of Thessaloniki
H Rhemamann and G Schwartz OMV Refining and Marketing GmbH
S Lonka and P Heinonen Fortum Oil and Gas Oy
G Spyridaki and Y Psichogios Hellenic Petroleum

2005 / Q1

Case studies of the strategies used to reduce NOx emissions at three European refineries. CO and feed nitrogen effects on emissions were taken into account, and a significant reduction in emissions was achieved with the use of additives
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Treatment options for molten sulphur

Tony Barnette Gas Technology Products LLC

2005 / Q1

A look at some options in the hydrocarbon processing industry for dealing with sulphur during vent handling and the removal of H2S from vent streams, which can fit well into a facility's overall storage and handling system.
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Benefit of revamping a main fractionator

Dana G Laird Koch-Glitsch LP.

2005 / Q1

Additional FCCU capacity can often be achieved by implementing new packing and distributor designs, even if the main fractionator has already been revamped. The author presents some of the factors to be considered in evaluating a revamp
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Revamps: maximum asset utilisation

Scott Golden Process Consulting Services Inc

2005 / Q1

Analyses of some common process unit limits, emphasising when equipment systems must be modified or new ones added. Knowing just where to focus investment depends primarily on process fundamentals and equipment basics
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Increasing hydrogen Production

Ib Dybkjær Haldor Topsøe A/S

2005 / Q1

The cost effectiveness of increasing refinery hydrogen capacity with compact convection reforming-based plants. Depending on available feedstocks, existing process configurations and operating conditions, medium-scale units are options
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Improving hydrotreater operations

Gene J Yeh Daniel Longstaff Abdullah Al-Mahrous Olavo C Dias Saudi Aramco

2005 / Q1

Improvements made during naphtha hydrotreater operations at a Middle East refinery focused on the diameter of crude unit overhead line, better corrosion control, an upgraded catalyst grading system and higher furnace temperatures
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Increasing FCC profitability

Michael Edwards Albemarle Asia Pacific Company

2005 / Q1

Case studies demonstrate how operating and catalytic changes can result in higher FCC rates and improved conversion between turnaround cycles. Even with lower feed quality, the author argues, costs can be controlled and margins improved
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Downstream business process mapping

Atul Agrawal Infosys Technology Ltd

2005 / Q1

The use of business process mapping on a refinery/downstream enterprise integration project. Efficient documentation of all enterprise-wide activities helps to keep re-engineered processes in focus while identifying future scenarios
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Improving olefins plant performance

Darren C Le Geyt KBC Advanced Technologies Inc

2005 / Q1

A review of available modelling and optimisation tools for olefins plants. A cost effective approach has been developed for improving cash margins by a combination of rigorous simulation, optimisation and steam cracker economics
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Ethylene plant Optimisation

Zak Alzein and Ravi Nath Honeywell Process Solutions

2005 / Q1

A review of the application requirements, trends and evolution of closed-loop real time optimisation applied in ethylene plants and how this relates to feedstock selection and furnace schedule optimisation
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Refinery production planning

Paulo Rego Siemens Chemtech
Rüdiger Reichow Siemens AG

2005 / Q1

Plant level scheduling at the interface of technical vision and operational demands, say the authors, requires a scheduling tool that supports rather than simply automates the decision process. Ways to minimise inefficiencies are discussed
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Managing refining yields and margins

Aftab Saleem Allegro Development

2005 / Q1

How energy transaction management systems can help to integrate business processes and data and provide accurate access to this information. Examples show how consolidated data can be used to calculate accurate yields and margins
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Implementing multivariable process control

Ramiro A Cremaschi and Julia A Perinetti Repsol YPF

2005 / Q1

Case study of the introduction of robust multivariable process control (MPC) into a third party distributed control system. The authors discuss interface development and the factors necessary for successful refinery MPC performance
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Solving control loop Problems

Hong-Cheol Ko and Young Soo Park LG Caltex Oil Corporation

2005 / Q1

Case studies of an online control performance monitoring solution to identify and remedy control loop problems. The emphasis is on locating the cause of poor control performance and maintaining plant controls with condition-based models
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Maximising para-xylene Capacity

John B Robertson UOP LLC

2005 / Q1

A team approach to unlocking the potential of a world-scale aromatics complex. Greatest-ever para-xylene capacity gains were achieved by evaluating options for removing existing plant limits and by using improved economic planning models
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Emissions data Management

Paul Reinermann and Robert Golightly Pavilion Technologies Inc

2005 / Q1

To meet environmental accounting regulations, the key for petrochemical plants is precise management of emissions data. The complexities of integrating market-based regulations with a plant control network are described here  
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Diesel and VGO recovery

Tony Barletta, Process Consulting Services Inc

2005 / Revamps

Fundamental design considerations influencing diesel and vacuum gas oil (VGO) recovery when revamping existing or designing grassroots crude units.  By increasing vacuum column diesel recovery, crude throughputs via major conversion units may also be increased.

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Corrosion monitoring improvements

Richard E Mathers, Nalco Ltd

2005 / Revamps

Case study examines prediction, monitoring and mitigation of corrosion-related effects at a West European refinery operating in a high temperature, naphthenic acid environment, and shows how metal loss was prevented when processing heavy acidic crudes.
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Crude unit preflash drums and columns

Scott W Golden, Process Consulting Services Inc

2005 / Revamps

Preflash drums and preflash columns have a significant effect on crude charge hydraulics.  The reasons for using preflash equipment are discussed, including general design considerations and problems that are created if they are designed incorrectly.
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The role of maintenance in start-ups

Brian Pritchard, Shell Canada Ltd

2005 / Revamps

A multi-billion dollar heavy oil upgrader project emphasised the importance of maintenance management considerations during project development.  The author reviews the critical role that maintenance played in this successful start-up.  Key phase considerations are outlined.
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Maximise VGO yield

Greg Cantley, Kevin Basham and Steve Barnett, Marathon Petroleum Company LLC
Edward Hartman, Process Consulting Services Inc.

2005 / Revamps

Fundamental operating principles of vacuum ejectros are discussed, including incidents leading to sudden increases in ejector suction pressure, known as breaking.  Proper ejector component selection and design can significantly prevent breaking and increase VGO yield, while reducing resid production
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Dynamic corrosion appraisal

Russell D Kane, Dawn C Eden and David A Eden, InterCorr International Inc

2005 / Revamps

Monitoring time-varying corrosion with technology that inputs corrosion as a real-time process variable lets operators correlate corrosion excursions with operating and process parameters and helps manage chemical and other corrosion prevention treatments.
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Improving sulphur recovery

Lorenzo Micucci, Siirtec Nigi SpA

2005 / Revamps

Use of high Claus ratio technology permits operating Claus plants off-ratio, regardless of tail gas technology employed.  Sulphur recovery at 99.8% is possible regardless of flow rates and/or composition changes to sulphur recovery units.
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Maximising plant productivity

George DeBakey, AP Netowrks LLC
Bassam Samman, CMCS
Sulaiman Sultan Mohammad, Kuwait National Petroleum Company
Kirk Blanchard, Valero Energy, St Charles Refinery
Dean Edmundson, Primavera Systems Inc

2005 / Revamps

Combined project management, risk assessment and asset management tools and methodologies can achieve the optimum systems integration capable of addressing every aspect of a project.
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Reducing refinery heater revamp costs

Tony Tindall, Foster Wheeler Energy Ltd

2005 / Revamps

The current condition of thousands of fired heaters built since the second half of the 20th century requires urgent attention.  This article discusses the importance of being able to deliver a safe, cost-effective heater revamp, in the shortest possible shutdown.
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Optimising plant steam systems

Kerrigan Mendicino, Pipe Line Development Co.

2005 / Revamps

How one process facility avoided excessive boiler feed water leaks and steam venting between major turnarounds.  A shear plug system helped maintain steam system temperatures at the desired letdown rates, eliminating significant imbalances.
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Recycling of GTL catalysts Andreas H Brumby and Michel P Verhelst, Umicore Precious Metals Refining

 

2005 / Catalysis

Recovery and refining of cobalt and precious metals used in Fischer Tropsch catalysts should be considered due to their value. The impact of certain precious metals on the metals markets also justifies their recovery



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Reformer catalyst Regeneration

Dick Llorens, Gemini Industries Inc

2005 / Catalysis

To make a proper evaluation of the economics of spent catalyst regeneration, one must consider the direct and indirect costs, risks and long-term liabilities that occur when the catalytic reforming unit’s catalyst regeneration process is abbreviated



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Mercury removal from liquid hydrocarbons

Peter J H Carnell and Steve Willis, Johnson Matthey Catalysts

2005 / Catalysis

Various methodologies for the measurement of mercury levels in gaseous and liquid hydrocarbons are available, while inorganic routes for mercury removal have a number of advantages over the organic approach


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Recovering precious metals from spent catalysts Richard J DeSantis Sabin Metal Corporation

 

2005 / Catalysis

Finding and working with the right refiner can make a big difference in returns, not to mention many of the legal implications involved if the refiner crosses the line with regard to environmental regulations when processing spent catalysts



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Catalyst performance improvements Charles McCloud Criterion Catalysts & Technologies

 

2005 / Catalysis

Manufacturing technology advancements have lead to step-out improvements in catalyst performance and stability for ULSD, FCC pretreater and hydrocracker pretreater applications



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Increasing FCC Yields

Lori McDowell and Silas Y Wong Grace Davison Refining Technologies

2005 / Catalysis

Improvements to a FCC unit changed its operating characteristics. These changes called for a catalyst formulated with higher activity, stability and metals tolerance at higher throughputs to increase the yield of valuable liquid products


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Catalyst life cycle Performance Chris Anderle UOP LLC

 

2005 / Catalysis

Refiners can obtain value from solutions beyond the catalyst selection process if the decision-making process includes a review of the entire catalyst cycle



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Boosting FCC propylene with minimal conversion loss
Pieter Imhof, Erja P H Rautiainen and Arja Hakuli-Pieterse Albemarle Catalysts bv

 

2005 / Catalysis

Catalyst and additive technology can maximise light olefin yields with minimal dilution of the base catalyst and little impact on bottoms conversion. It also diminishes secondary reactions such as hydrogen transfer

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ULSD production at low pressure

Lars K Skyum Haldor Topsøe A/S

2005 / Catalysis

A large number of existing diesel hydrotreaters are operated at pressures below 30 bar. The catalyst used for production of ULSD in these hydrotreaters differs from catalyst formulations that perform well at higher pressures


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Reticulated ceramics improve reactor performance

William “Dusty” Duke and Austin Schneider Crystaphase Technologies Inc

2005 / Catalysis

With many hydroprocessing units being pushed beyond their original design, refiners need to improve the unit’s reactor performance. Upgrading reactor top-bed loadings that include reticulated ceramics will improve catalyst performance 



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Hydroprocessing revamp configurations

Ujjal Mukherjee, Jerry Mayer and Bharat Srinivasan Chevron Lummus Global

2005 / Catalysis

Upgrading existing hydrocrackers from single-stage to two-stage recycle offers significantly higher flexibility for increasing high-quality FCC feeds and naphtha/diesel production



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Laboratory simulation of naphtha processing

Avelino Corma Canos, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia

2005 / Catalysis

A number of naphtha simulation options are available. The four scenarios that form the basis of these simulations can lead to the best options for cracking less conventional streams such as LSR and FCC naphtha, while also producing propylene




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Catalyst modelling improvements

Greg Jackson Pavilion Technologies Inc
Jim Wambaugh CRI Catalyst Company

2005 / Catalysis

Reducing the time to analyse catalyst and reactor performance is crucial to petrochemical profitability. Use of a real-time catalyst performance modelling system can maximise catalyst life while also reducing costly laboratory analysis



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Paraffins isomerisation options

Bruno Domergue and Laurent Watripont Axens

2005 / Q2

A variety of isomerisation technologies are available, from conventional once-through and deisohexaniser recycle processes to advanced recycle schemes involving molecular separation processes



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High-efficiency coalescers for analyser protection


Hans Thoma OMV Burghausen Refinery
Verena Titzenthaler and Thomas Reisenhofer Pall Corporation

2005 / Q2

Coalescers are designed to either separate liquid aerosols from gas streams or to break liquid/liquid emulsions. Both liquid/gas and liquid/liquid coalescer technologies have been successfully applied to analyser technology

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Expander inlet piping design P T Klumpp Refinery Technology Inc

 

2005 / Q2

The expander inlet piping system linked to the FCCU is one of the most complex piping systems to analyse and design in a refinery. Expansion joints used in the expander inlet piping system are also reviewed


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Controlling FCCU dilute phase reactions Warren S Letzsch Stone & Webster Engineering Inc

 

2005 / Q2

Various strategies are available to control unwanted secondary reactions in the FCCU reactor’s dilute phase, including vapour quench technology, designed to lower the temperature, or close-coupled systems to reduce the dilute phase contact time


 
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Bitumen processing developments

Mazen M Abu-Khader Al-Balqa Applied University
James G Speight CD & W Inc

2005 / Q2

Several process options have been tested for upgrading extra heavy oil at various processing facilities. The possibility of future process configurations for producing marketable products from bitumen is discussed



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Improved residuum cracking Mingting Xu and Rostam J Madon Engelhard Corporation

 

2005 / Q2

Catalyst deactivation is a challenge to FCCU yields when processing residuum. The detrimental effect of nickel and vanadium in forming contaminant coke and hydrogen can be reduced via appropriate passivation technology



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Simulating optimal tank farm design Michael D Stewart Foster Wheeler North America Corp
L Dean Trierwiler Haverly Systems Inc

 

2005 / Q2

Development of a computerised model incorporating Monte Carlo operational risk simulation with the optimisation power of linear programming. The basis, structure and execution of this model are discussed



 
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Saving fuel costs with WPHEs

Peter Barnes PBA Consulting
Pierre Xavier Bussonnet Packinox SA François Reverdy Packinox Inc

2005 / Q2

WPHEs save fuel costs and serve as a cost-effective CO2-trimming technology by reducing heater duty in reformers and HDS units. The resulting fuel cost savings add to emission trade benefits


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Managing hydrogen to achieve ULS targets
Dennis Vauk Air Liquide America LP
Rob Gardner Irving Oil Ltd
David Mercer Fluor Canada Ltd
Nick Hallale Aspen Technology

 

2005 / Q2

To meet clean fuel challenges, refiners must manage hydrogen usage to achieve sulphur reduction targets for 2005 and beyond. Hydrogen network optimisation can deliver significant benefits over traditional approaches

 
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Reducing CO2 emissions Ian Moore AspenTech UK Ltd

 

2005 / Q2

Several long-term challenges and opportunities face refiners after the introduction of the European Union ETS. These include emissions monitoring, operational improvements, emissions forecasting and economic emission reduction



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Enhancing SRUs with oxygen-enriched air

Mukesh Mehta CB&I TPA
Aaron Stryk CB&I

2005 / Q2

As clean fuels regulations become more stringent, refiners looking for new ways to boost the capacities of their existing sulphur-recovery units are turning to oxygen-enhancement technologies



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Selecting materials for FCCUs

Xu Yonggang and Jia Qiliang SINOPEC Luoyang Petrochemical Engineering Corporation

2005 / Q2

Proper material selection for FCCU equipment is critical for long-term reliable operation. Different materials deal with different forms of corrosion, and each material has its advantages and limitations


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Catalyst addition in ebullated-bed units

Scott Sayles and Jim Bailor KBC Advanced Technologies Inc

2005 / Q2

A simple theoretical approach is available for calculating the catalyst metals content, catalyst physical properties and the effect on catalyst activity. Different catalyst addition rates are reviewed and compared



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Turnaround preparation Don Turner Jacobs Field Services

 

2005 / Q2

Several work processes have been developed for maintenance turnarounds. Incorporating these processes into a master cost-control and scheduling system ensures materials availability as well as correct staffing levels and timely execution




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Increasing propylene for the petrochemical market Solly Ismail Engelhard Corporation

 

2005 / Q2

Increasing FCC propylene with shape-selective additives minimises the impact on unit process conditions and equipment. Production of butylenes and isobutene without significant increases in dry gas and coke yield is an added benefit


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Calcium removal from high TAN crudes

Jerry J Weers and Scott Bieber Baker Petrolite

2005 / Q3

Crude oils high in calcium naphthenate content are being processed using technology developed to remove calcium in crude unit desalting operations, with calcium removal efficiencies averaging 70% on Doba blends



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Optimising refinery profitability

Brian Lasiuk, R Mark Wilson and M Craig Winslow GE Infrastructure Water & Process Technologies

2005 / Q3

A comprehensive methodology is presented that maximises profitability when processing opportunity crudes while avoiding operational disruptions such as high temperature corrosion


 
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Efficient ULSD catalyst systems Charles “Chuck” W Olsen and David Krenzke Advanced Refining Technologies

 

2005 / Q3

Staged ULSD catalyst systems are available for the desulphurisation of multiple sulphur species, using combined high-activity CoMo/NiMo catalysts formulated at ratios based on expected levels of alkyl-dibenzothiophenic compounds



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LCO upgrading

Vasant P Thakkar, Suheil F Abdo, Visnja A Gembicki and James F McGehee UOP LLC

2005 / Q3

Adding value to LCO is achievable through aromatic ring manipulation, producing high-octane naphtha and low-sulphur diesel. Pilot plant results confirm the effectiveness of partial-conversion hydrocracking technology


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Wireless communication in refining Peter Jofriet and Stephen Clark Honeywell Process Solutions

 

2005 / Q3

Several wireless technologies are available today. The benefits of implementing these technologies, and the challenges associated with adopting this seemingly high-tech approach for furthering a refinery’s business objectives, are discussed

 
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An atmospheric crude tower revamp

Daryl W Hanson and Tony Barletta Process Consulting Services
John V Bernickas CITGO Petroleum Corporation

2005 / Q3

Overall gas oil yield was maintained with heavier crudes due to a crude tower revamp. The revamp allowed for a crude heater outlet temperature reduction and a lower vacuum flash zone pressure


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Hydrocracker reliability improvement
Tai-Sheng Chou H2Advance

 

2005 / Q3

Refiners continue to push the envelope of reliable hydrocracker operation. Optimised process design and operational improvements can help manage temperature excursions and avoid potential temperature runaways

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Technology for SOx removal

Thomas K Chow, Theresa M Flood, John A Gebur and Vincent W Wong
Fluor Enterprises Inc

2005 / Q3

A concern for many refiners is the increasing complexity of SO2 removal from flue gases in the presence of O2. Various solutions are available to achieve 99.99% sulphur recovery without by-product formation and corrosion problems


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Benefits from coking of heavy feedstocks Wayne Brown, Robert Pinchuk and Gerard Monaghan Envision Technologies Corp

 

2005 / Q3

Research into the thermal processing of heavy oil using advanced analytical and laboratory techniques has revealed that huge gains are possible, thanks to a new reactor configuration based on the marriage of two commercial technologies


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Optimising process equipment performance

Todd Reeves Emerson Process Management

2005 / Q3

Advances in transmitters and related systems can maximise rotating equipment and pump reliability at minimum cost. These advances involve integration of online equipment monitoring with process control systems



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Analysing F-shell heat exchangers

Reza Yahyaabadi Esfahan Oil Refining Company

2005 / Q3

The procedure for the separate evaluation of hydraulic and thermal leakage in
F-shell heat exchangers is combined into a new program for optimising exchanger performance



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Asset life extension Laza Krstin ABB Engineering Services

 

2005 / Q3

A case study showing how asset life extension helped a leading manufacturer of ammonia and urea to assess the condition of its plants and put in place effective asset strategies that support the achievement of business objectives



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Refinery and petrochemical integration opportunities

Patrick D Lavergne Lyondell Chemical Company
Robert S Bridges Equistar Chemicals

2005 / Q3

Against a background of tighter fuel specifications and petrochemical expansion, various strategies exist for exchanging process streams between ethylene plants and refineries, bringing about economic operating benefit and capital reduction


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On-purpose propylene production

Steve Zinger Chemical Market Associates Inc (CMAI)

2005 / Q3

Five types of on-purpose propylene production are available, including propane dehydrogenation, metathesis, olefins cracking and interconversion, high severity FCC, and gas-to-olefins. Each one is discussed in detail



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Process safety through instrumentation

Roman Maurer Endress+Hauser Messtechnik GmbH+Co KG

2005 / Q3

Typical safety loops with pressure transmitters, level monitoring and flow meters illustrate the application of the international IEC 61511 standard in the petrochemical industry



 
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Refining hydroprocessing strategies

 Rene G Gonzalez, PTQ

2005 / Q4

No room for error:  planning and implementation of refinery strategies for optimal hydrotreating performance, hydrogen utilisation and sulphur-recovery unit expansion.       
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Optimising cooling water systems

Daniel A Meier, Nalco Energy Services LP

2005 / Q4

An integrated approach to chemical treatment can improve reliability, reduce costs and extend the life of cooling systems.  Cooling system problems can be overcome by combining cooling water programs with analytical tools.

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Delayed coking advances

Rick Wodnik, ConocoPhillips

Gary C Hughes, Consultant


2005 / Q4

New technologies and procedures for building and upgrading delayed coking facilities are enhancing health, safety and the environment while increasing economic viability.

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EU regulations on the horizon

 Frank M Bohnen and Timothy J Dougan, Davison Catalysts

2005 / Q4

Recent commercial applications in Europe and elsewhere have demonstrated that additives can effectively and reliably control both SOx and NOx emissions to very low levels, thus helping refiners to comply with new EU regulations.

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Benchmarking FCCU performance

 Warren Letzsch, Stone & Webster Engineering Inc

2005 / Q4

The value of upgrades to FCCU riser nozzles, cyclones, stripper and other key mechanical components is estimated in terms of yields, capacity, environmental objectives and reliability.

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Supply chain logistics challenges

 Stephen Clark, Honeywell Process Solutions

2005 / Q4

Integrating the complexities of multi-site refinery supply chain logistics using advanced forecasting, planning and scheduling tools gave one refining company the ability to monitor its supply chain in real-time or near real-time.

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Optimising FCC profitability

Xia Rong'an, Liu Huaiyuan, Wu Kai and Guo Jian, PetroChina Corporation Lanzhou Petrochemical Company

David He and Solly Ismail Engelhard Corporation

2005 / Q4

The use of additives has helped a chinese refinery to yield increased profitability of more than $3 million per year by transforming low-valued slurry into high-valued gasoline.

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Advantages of partial-burn regenerators

Rene Samson, Huub Dries, Ye-Mon chen and Paul Willbourne, Shell Global Solutions International BV

2005 / Q4

Single-stage partial-burn FCC regenerators can provide a low-cost residue processing option for high flexibility and low emissions.  Examples of specific solutions include improved cyclone designs and catalyst circulation enhancement technology.

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Recovering base oils from lubricants

W A Gorman Jr, SwRI

Detlev Bruhnke, Mineralol Raffinerie

2005 / Q4

A process to separate light ends, catalyst, base oils and asphalt extender from used lubricating oil.  The underlying principles of the process are the cyclonic vacuum flash and minimisation of the exposure of the oil to high temperatures.

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Deep-cut vacuum unit design

Tony Barletta and Scott W Golden, Process Consulting Services Inc

2005 / Q4

Process modelling and equipment know-how are needed to design deep-cut vacuum units that operate reliably at high temperature and low pressure.  The model must reflect the actual performance of the equipment and not simply the designers' intent.

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Increasing distillation column throughput

George E Dzyacky, 2ndpoint LLC
A Frank Seibert, J Christopher Lewis, University of Texas at Austin

2005 / Q4

Pattern-recognition control strategy may help prevent flooding in distillation towers and in some cases see capacity improvements, as well as giving plant personnel confidence to operate the column near its flood point.

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Amine process simulation modelling

Bill Pennycook, Simon Jackson and Iain Martin, Davy Process Technology Ltd

2005 / Q4

Generic design techniques are used to verify thermodynamic data before the construction of a complete simulation model.  The resulting optimised process is a cost-effective 
approach to a non-ideal separation.

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Predicting amine blend performance

Hamid Reza Khakdaman and Ali Taghi Zoghi, National Iranian Oil Company

Majid Abedinzadegan Abdi, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

2005 / Q4

A process simulator is able to predict the performance of an Iranian gas-sweetening plant.  Various mixtures of diethanolamine (DEA) and Methyl diethanolamine (MDEA) are used to investigate the potential for an increase in plant capacity.

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Improving profits in olefins complexes

John Philpot, KBC Advanced Technologies Inc

2005 / Q4

A Hungarian ethylene producer has identified more than a $30 per ton increase in profit.  The initial phases of a profitabiltiy programme show what can be achieved in a collaborative effort with the right tools and methodologies.

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LNG technology and equipment

Xiang Dong, Xin Jiang Guagshui Liquefied Natural Gas Develpment Co Ltd

Eginhard Berger, Linde AG

Albert Meffert, Tractebel Gas Engineering

Li Wei Bin, Sinopec Shanghai Engineering Co Ltd

2005 / Q4

A review of improvements to the Shan Shan LNG processing facilities, ranging from gas treatment and liquefaction with a single mixed refrigerant cycle in spiral-wound heat exchangers through storage to unloading and distribution in China.

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Ethylene furnace scheduling

 Rob J Vasbinder and Jeff D Kelly, Honeywell Process Solutions

2005 / Q4

One solution to the logistical constraints seen in ethylene plant furnace scheduling is technology that automatically generates multiple optimised schedules for schedulers to analyse and quickly select the best one to be executed.

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Adding value to FCC operations

Solly ismail and Eugenio Macaluso, Engelhard Corporation

2005 / Catalysis

Three case studies demonstrate how a distributed matrix structure-based additive enables the conversion of low-valued heavy-cycle oil and slurry into gasoline and LPG.

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